1. वनों का आकर्षण : वनों ने हमेशा मानव कल्पना को क्यों आकर्षित किया है 2. भूमिगत नेटवर्क: माइकोरिज़ल नेटवर्क : कवक वृक्षों की जड़ों के साथ सहजीवी संबंध कैसे बनाते हैं, 3. निष्कर्ष: कार्रवाई का आह्वान : वनों के चमत्कारों और महत्व का सारांश दें। पाठकों को वनों के प्रति अपनी प्रशंसा को गहरा करने और संरक्षण प्रयासों में शामिल होने के लिए प्रोत्साहित
Thursday, 2 January 2020
Tuesday, 26 February 2019
SPIDER FAMILY
1. Family Lycosidae - the wolf spider
2. Family Salticidae - the Jumping Spiders
3. Family Salticidae, genus Lyssomanes - the Magnolia Green Jumper's
4. Family Araneidae - the Orb-weavers
5. Family Pisauridae, genus Dolomedes - the Fishing Spiders
6. Family Pisauridae, genus Pisaurina - the Nursery Web Spider's
7. Family Ctenidae - the Wandering Spiders
8. Family Oxyopidae - the Lynx Spiders
9. Family Philodromidae - the Running Crab Spiders
10. Family Dysderidae - the Woodlouse Hunters
11. Family Tetragnathidae, genus Tetragnatha - the Long jawed Orb-weavers
12. Family Thomisidae, genus Xysticus - the Ground Crab Spiders
13. Family Agelenidae, genus Eratigena - the Funnel Weavers
14. Family Agelenidae, genus Agelenopsis - the Grass Spiders ( aka Funnel Weavers)
15. Family Selenopidae, genus Selenops - the Flatties (aka Crab Spiders)
16. Family Sparassidae, genus Heteropoda - the Huntsman (aka Giant Crab Spiders)
17. Family Sparassidae, genus Olios - Giant Crab Spiders (aka Huntsman)
18. Family Sicariidae, genus Loxosceles - the Brown Spider's ( includes the Brown Recluse)
19. Family Uloboridae, genus Hyptiotes - the Triangle Weavers
20. Family Zoropsidae, Species Zoropsis spinimana - the False Wolf Spider
21. Family Deinopidae, Species Deinopis spinosa - the Net-casting Spider (aka Ogrefaced Spider); note that the four other eyes are not visible from the front.
22. Family Diguetidae, genus Diguetia - the Desertshrub Spiders.
23. Family Antrodiaetidae, genus Antrodiaetut - the Folding-door Spiders (aka Turret Spider's); these are primitive Spiders (mygalomorphs).
24. Family Segestriidae - the Tube Web Spider's
25. Family Scytodidae - the spitting Spiders.
©TFRI JABALPUR
Rating chart for soil test values
No. Nutrient Low medium High
1. Organic Carbon % < 0.5 0.5 - 0.75 0.75 >
(for Nitrogen )
2. Available P2O5 (kg/ha) < 10 10-25 25>
3. Available K2O (kg/ha) < 120 120-260 260>
4. Available Nitrogen (kg/ha) < 280 280-560 560>
pH value
Extremely acid <4.5
Very strangly acid 4.5-5.0
Strangly acid 5.1-5.5
Medium acid 5.6-6.0
Slightly acid 6.1-6.5
Nutral 6.6-7.3
Mildly alkaline 7.4 - 7.8
Moderately alkaline 7.9 - 8.4
Strangly alkaline 8.5 - 9.0
Very straghly alkaline > 9.1
P% x 2.29 = P2O5
K% x 1.20 = K2O
Conversion factor from Oxide to Element.
Oxide % X factor = Element
1. CaO % X 0.71 = Ca %
2. MgO % X 0.60 = Mg %
3. Na2O % X 0.74 = Na %
4. K2O % X 0.82 = K %
5. P2O5 % X 0.43 = P %
Conversion factor from Element to Oxide.
Oxide % X factor = Element
1. Ca % X 0.71 = CaO %
2. Mg % X 0.60 = MgO %
3. Na % X 0.74 = Na2O %
4. K % X 0.82 = K2O %
5. P % X 0.43 = P2O5 %
Text Book Soil Science
T.D. Biswas & S.K. Mukherjee (1992)
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Friday, 26 October 2018
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